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Nama sandwicensis

A.Gray (1862)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Boraginales Family: Namaceae Genus: Nama

hinahina kahakai

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annual or perhaps short-lived perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems prostrate, forming mats up to ca. 2 dm in diameter, freely branched, densely hirsute.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades spatulate, 6–22(–55 in lowest leaves) mm long, 2–7 mm wide. Surfaces densely hirsute, the hairs somewhat appressed; blades somewhat thick. Margins entire and strongly revolute, gradually tapering to base. Sessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary or in small cymes, 1–2 in the leaf axils, pedicels 2–5 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic or occasionally slightly irregular. Calyx lobes narrowly oblong or occasionally narrowly oblong–spatulate, 4–4.5 mm long, enlarging up to ca. 6 mm long in fruit. Corolla purplish blue, pink(?), or white, yellow on throat, the tube ca. 5 mm long, pubescent, glabrous within, often with scales at the summit opposite the lobes, formed by invagination of the corolla tube, the lobes imbricate or convolute, rarely valvate, the lobes spreading, ca. 2 mm long. Stamens 5, with the corolla lobes, inserted ca. 1 mm above base of corolla tube; filaments unequal in length, one ca. 1 mm long and the other ca. 2 mm long; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, ca. 2 mm long, 1-celled, but appearing 2-celled by the strongly intruded placentas, puberulent; ovules; style divided nearly to base, 1–2 mm long, gynobasic, arising from between the essentially distinct ovary lobes, sometimes terminal, often heterostylous; stigma usually simple, capitate or discoid, sometimes 2-lobed or 4-lobed.

Fruit: Fruit usually consisting of (1–)4 1–seeded; separate nutlets or 1–2 1–4–seeded nuts or drupelets; these variously sculptured; pubescent or glabrous and ± glossy. capsules loculicidal or rarely septicidal; membranous; oblong–ovoid; ca. 3–4 mm long. Seeds 20–60; yellowish brown; narrowly ellipsoid; ca. 0.5 mm long; shallowly pitted.

Ploidy: 2n = 14*

Habitat: Scattered and usually uncommon in sandy soils or on raised limestone reefs in strand and coastal vegetation; rarely dry shrubland; occasionally occurring as a pioneer.

Elevation Range: 0–220 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Endemic
Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic
Kapou(Lisianski Island) Endemic
Molokai Endemic
Kamole(Laysan Island) Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 338 (1862)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:795 (Li, La, Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, H); Note: Le added, based on BISH spms. (J.H. Plews s.n. BISH 535122)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Nama sandwicensis Limestone Point Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 216 Lanai BISH 1914-03-31
2 Nama sandwicensis Limestone Point Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 256 Lanai BISH 1913-12-13
3 Nama sandwicensis Coral plain below Ewa and Sisal Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2352 Oahu BISH 1916-03-14
4 Nama sandwicensis Laysan Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 9062 Laysan Island BISH 1988-06-20
5 Nama sandwicensis Inner east slope Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 1693 Laysan Island BISH 1961-09-05
6 Nama sandwicensis Moomomi Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 14008 Molokai BISH 1918-05-20
7 Nama sandwicensis Maui Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
8 Nama sandwicensis Lae Hi, on Keomuku coastline, on raised coral plain Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1977 Lanai BISH 1984-02-20
9 Nama sandwicensis Limestone Point Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 415 Lanai BISH 1929-04-24
10 Nama sandwicensis Ilio Point Preserved_Specimen Pekelo Jr., N. 12 Molokai BISH 1973-01-01
11 Nama sandwicensis Koko [as Coco Head Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 97 Oahu BISH 1864-01-01
12 Nama sandwicensis Ilio Point, Kaluakoi Preserved_Specimen Summers, C.C. Molokai BISH 1983-06-09
13 Nama sandwicensis West of Moomomi Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Molokai BISH 1909-07-15
14 Nama sandwicensis Laysan Preserved_Specimen Beardsley, J.W. Laysan Island BISH 1962-06-15
15 Nama sandwicensis Moomomi Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Molokai BISH 1982-05-17
16 Nama sandwicensis Waimanalo Preserved_Specimen Williams, F.X. Oahu BISH 1929-04-21
17 Nama sandwicensis East side of island, along beach Preserved_Specimen Butler, G. Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-24
18 Nama sandwicensis Laysan Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Laysan Island BISH 1911-04-01
19 Nama sandwicensis Waiehu sandhills Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. Maui BISH 1971-08-07
20 Nama sandwicensis Kanalo Valley, sand dunes opposite mouth of valley Preserved_Specimen Robinson, A.E. Niihau BISH 1947-12-30
21 Nama sandwicensis Preserved_Specimen Marzan, M. Niihau BISH 2025-03-08
22 Nama sandwicensis Northwest corner of island Sandy soil just above intertidal zone. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate, height .05 m.; flower white. Conant, S. 195 Lisianski Island BISH 1983-08-08
23 Nama sandwicensis Mahaulepu Preserved_Specimen Lydgate, J.M. Kauai BISH
24 Nama sandwicensis Kula? Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
25 Nama sandwicensis unknown Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. BISH
26 Nama sandwicensis Waimanalo Preserved_Specimen Topping, D.L. 3008 Oahu BISH 1925-02-01
27 Nama sandwicensis Northwest side of island Growing as low patches on the beach. Preserved_Specimen Flower white. Tsuda, R.T. 494 Laysan Island BISH 1963-12-05
28 Nama sandwicensis Lehua Rock; Lehua Landing, on northernmost tip of island Strand vegetation. Preserved_Specimen Plews, J.H.R. Lehua Rock BISH 1988-08-15
29 Nama sandwicensis West and east side of island Found in small bunches at high water mark. Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Laysan Island BISH 1903-04-01
30 Nama sandwicensis Waimanalo, Waimanalo Bay Sand dunes. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate. Flowers pink. Fosberg, F.R. 10359 Oahu BISH 1933-10-22
31 Nama sandwicensis West shore of island Sandy. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate clumps, 8 cm. high; flowers with white petals with yellow bases. Daniel, C.W. 1 Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-24
32 Nama sandwicensis Kahuku Point, Kahuku Open sandy flats. Preserved_Specimen Flower lavender-blue. St.John, H. 24817 Oahu BISH 1952-05-04
33 Nama sandwicensis Waimea District. PMRF near Kolekole Point. Dodonaea viscosa shrubland, highly invaded by Leucaena leucocephala, Prosopis, and alien grasses over coral sand substrate, Dodonaea viscosa Preserved_Specimen Low herb forming rosette in clearing, stems 10-15 cm. long, leaves mostly dry. Flowers with green calyx, corolla ture white within, lobes purple-pink. Localized, scarce. Wood, K.R. 10749 Kauai BISH 2018-07-03
34 Nama sandwicensis Lisianski Island Sandy, dry. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb. Wilder, G.P. 8 Lisianski Island BISH 1923-05-20
35 Nama sandwicensis East of Laewahie Localized population in dunes. Vegetation: Heliotropium, Panicum, Sida, Heteropogon, Ipomoea, Waltheria, Prosopis, Eragrostis. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 41515 Lanai BISH 2015-04-07
36 Nama sandwicensis North shore Near Scaevola. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate on open beach. Scattered and scarce. Shelton, P.C. 405 Lisianski Island BISH 1966-06-16
37 Nama sandwicensis Kahuku Point On sand dunes just behind point w/Heliotropium anomalum, Scaevola, etc. Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1938-08-05
38 Nama sandwicensis Waimanalo Coastal dunes. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 1584 Oahu BISH 1923-04-08
39 Nama sandwicensis Along the west side of lagoon In moist soil with Sesuvium and Ipomoea. Common. Preserved_Specimen Flowers white. Long, C.R. 2396 Laysan Island BISH 1964-09-19
40 Nama sandwicensis Waimanalo Coastal dunes. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8430 Oahu BISH 1928-02-24
41 Nama sandwicensis Mokaopu Beach Sand dunes. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate. Flowers lavender. Fosberg, F.R. 12842 Oahu BISH 1936-01-26
42 Nama sandwicensis Barking Sands, back of beach Growing with Portulaca cyanosperma, Sporobolus virginicus, Jacquemontia, Sida, on arid, hot, sandy soil. Preserved_Specimen Small, somewhat decumbent clumps. Flowers with a bluish purple limb, and a white throat, with a yellow center. Herbst, D.R. 993 Kauai BISH 1968-03-29
43 Nama sandwicensis Northwest of Makapuu Point Coastal dunes. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2067 Oahu BISH 1925-12-01
44 Nama sandwicensis East central part of island Growing on bare sand in a recent blow-out. Preserved_Specimen Herb with white flowers. Common. Herbst, D.R. 6513 Laysan Island BISH 1980-07-13
45 Nama sandwicensis Waimea, South Kohala, in range paddock Occasional in dry region. Preserved_Specimen Flowers bluish. Hosaka, E.Y. 2060 Hawaii BISH 1938-05-21
46 Nama sandwicensis On eastern side of central lagoon On the sand dunes, with Ipomoea pes-caprae. Preserved_Specimen Forming mats up to 2 ft. in diam. Flowers pale blue. Carlquist, S. 2282 Laysan Island BISH 1966-09-18
47 Nama sandwicensis West and east side of island Found in small bunches at high water mark. Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Laysan Island BISH 1903-04-01
48 Nama sandwicensis Lae Hi On arid calcareous outcrop only in fine calcareous sand or dust, never in earth. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 28577 Lanai BISH 1963-08-09
49 Nama sandwicensis Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Top of beach. Preserved_Specimen In prostrate mounds. Conant, S. 170 Laysan Island BISH 1983-07-25
50 Nama sandwicensis Southeastern corner of island On bare sand. Preserved_Specimen Flowers white. Herbst, D.R. 6496 Lisianski Island BISH 1980-07-11
51 Nama sandwicensis Lae On raised limestone substrat. Vegetation: Fimbristylis, Panicum, Myoporum, Capparis, Scaevola, Lycium, Sporobolus, Sesuvium, Heliotropium, Boerhavia, Sida, Tribulus, Prosopis, Leucaena, Eragrostis, Lantana, Chamaesyce. Preserved_Specimen Herbs; flowers purple Oppenheimer, H.L. 51308 Lanai BISH 2013-05-15
52 Nama sandwicensis Koolau Poko District; Mokapu Peninsula Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe Bay, Pyramid Rock Beach Uncommon on dry slopes behind the beach. Preserved_Specimen Herb w/blue flws w/yellow throat. Herbst, D.R. 9737 Oahu BISH 1995-12-05
53 Nama sandwicensis Waimanalo, Wailea Point Sand flat near beach. With Sporobolus virginicus and Heliotropium anomalum. Preserved_Specimen Flower pale blue. St.John, H. 23371 Oahu BISH 1948-05-16
54 Nama sandwicensis Waimanalo Beach Park On sand dunes within 50 yds. of high tide. With Cynodon, Ipomoea, Boehmeria [probably Boerhavia], Jacquemontia. Preserved_Specimen In full flower. Flowers pale lavender. Gillett, G.W. 1569 Oahu BISH 1964-04-26
55 Nama sandwicensis Northwest part of island Barren, sandy area. Preserved_Specimen Common. Herbst, D.R. 1224 Laysan Island BISH 1968-09-12
56 Nama sandwicensis Polihale Beach Dune area. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1977-09-24
57 Nama sandwicensis Makapuu (Kaupo) Beach, east end of Oahu On areas of sand near the coast, or pockets of sand among lava outcrops. With Cynodon, Gaillardia, Ipomoea pes-caprae, Scaevola sericea, Jacquemontia, Lipochaeta. Preserved_Specimen Forming flat mats up to 1 ft. diam. Flowers pale blue. Carlquist, S. 1687 Oahu BISH 1964-12-19
58 Nama sandwicensis Kalanihale On partly stabilized sand dune back of foredune. Preserved_Specimen Flower magenta pink. Only one plant seen. St.John, H. 22711 Niihau BISH 1947-08-11
59 Nama sandwicensis Moomomi Sand dunes, sandy slope. Preserved_Specimen Flowers lavender. Fosberg, F.R. 13444 Molokai BISH 1936-12-26
60 Nama sandwicensis W Molokai; Anapuka Common on calcareous sand flats well back of cliffs. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate; corolla limb rose-pink or purplish, tube white. Fosberg, F.R. 29595 Molokai BISH 1948-02-22
61 Nama sandwicensis Lisianski Island Just above tide line. With Scaevola, Boerhavia, Eragrostis, Portulaca. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb with white flowers. Young, A.L. 136 Lisianski Island BISH 1964-08-22
62 Nama sandwicensis West side of island, 200 yds. from lagoon Sandy soil. Preserved_Specimen Low clump, 10 cm. high. Daniel, C.W. 14 Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-25
63 Nama sandwicensis Waimanalo Beach In inner beach with Ipomoea pes-caprae. Preserved_Specimen Tube 5 mm. long, limb ca. 2 mm., violet; total diam. of pen flower 7 mm.; flowers yellow on tube without, within at base, then a white zone in throat. Iltis, H.H. 302 Oahu BISH 1967-07-12
64 Nama sandwicensis N of Waiehu Cemetery Consolidated calcareous dunes far from coast. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20101 Maui BISH 1949-05-14
65 Nama sandwicensis Wailuku, near On arid aeolian deposits. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8426 Maui BISH 1927-07-09
66 Nama sandwicensis Kahuku Point On sand dunes just behind point w/Heliotropium anomalum, Scaevola, etc. Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1938-08-05
67 Nama sandwicensis Lae Wahie Sun-scorched sand plain near ocean. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 22002 Lanai BISH 1952-03-01
68 Nama sandwicensis Mahaulepu area, oceanward of Koloa Growing in small pockets of soil at the top of limestone cliffs above the sea. Preserved_Specimen Annual; corollas lavender, greenish toward the base, falling easily. Fay, J.J. 182 Kauai BISH 1974-03-27
69 Nama sandwicensis S side Collected in sand above the high wave line. Preserved_Specimen Herb. Plants scattered along the beach. Long, C.R. 2331 Lisianski Island BISH 1964-09-18
70 Nama sandwicensis Northwest side of island Growing as low patches on the beach. Preserved_Specimen Flower white. Tsuda, R.T. 494 Laysan Island BISH 1963-12-05
71 Nama sandwicensis North ridge, on both lagoon and ocean side Sand soil. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate clump; flowers white. Daniel, C.W. 24 Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-26
72 Nama sandwicensis Lae Hi on both sides of Keomuku Road on limestone substrate. Vegetation: Sida, Capparis, Waltheria, Chamaesyce, Fimbristylis, Heteropogon, Prosopis Preserved_Specimen Succulent herbs on limestone substrate, locally common on both sides of Keomuku Road in open sites; both blue and white flowered forms observed, but blue more prevalent. Oppenheimer, H.L. 40729 Lanai BISH 2007-04-24
73 Nama sandwicensis Honolulu Distr., Koko Head, on open tuff of slope east of Ihiihilauakea Crater Preserved_Specimen Bruegmann, M.M. 161 Oahu BISH 1985-01-26
74 Nama sandwicensis Near Waiakanapo Arid region near shore. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8428 Molokai BISH 1928-04-19
75 Nama sandwicensis Kii Landing On sand near beach. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate. Christensen, C. 139 Niihau BISH 1977-02-12
76 Nama sandwicensis Anapuka, W Molokai Common on calcareous sand flats well back of cliffs. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate; corolla limb rose pink or purplish, tube white. Fosberg, F.R. 29595 Molokai BISH 1948-02-22
77 Nama sandwicensis Kalolohia Bay Growing at edge of unpaved road in sandy substrate. Vegetation: Scaevola, Sporobolus, Heliotropium, Panicum, Sida, Boerhavia, Waltheria, Heteropogon, Ipomoea, Prosopis, Eragrostis Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 41519 Lanai BISH 2015-04-07
78 Nama sandwicensis North end of island On beach crest, growing in coral sand with Portulaca and Boerhavia. Preserved_Specimen Low herb with white flowers. Young, A.L. 159 Laysan Island BISH 1964-09-17
79 Nama sandwicensis Poooneone On coral sand flats back from beach. Preserved_Specimen Flower magenta. St.John, H. 22743 Niihau BISH 1947-08-12
80 Nama sandwicensis Lae Wahie Sun-scorched sand plain near ocean. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 22002 Lanai BISH 1952-03-01
81 Nama sandwicensis Northwest side of island Growing as low patches on the beach. Preserved_Specimen Flower white. Tsuda, R.T. 494 Laysan Island BISH 1963-12-05
82 Nama sandwicensis Waimea District, Kawaiele Waterbird Sanctuary Coastal wetlands With Bacopa monnieri, Dodonaea viscosa, Fimbristylis cymosa, Heliotropium curassavicum, Heteropogon contortus, Jacquemontia sandwicensis, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Sida fallax, Vitex rotundifolia, Vigna Preserved_Specimen Small, many-branched, woody sub-shrub. Corolla lobes light purple. Walsh, S. 790 Kauai BISH 2021-01-07
83 Nama sandwicensis N of Waiehu Cemetery Consolidated calcareous dunes far from coast. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20101 Maui BISH 1949-05-14
84 Nama sandwicensis Bellows Airfield Beach Low dunes behind beach. Preserved_Specimen Low, prostrate herb up to 25 cm. across. Leaves light green. Flowers pale purple on outside, tube yellowish, darker on inside, with darker veins. An uncommon plant in this area. van Royen, P. 10193 Oahu BISH 1967-10-22
85 Nama sandwicensis Waimea District, Polihale State Park, dunes in front of reef zone near Queens Pond. Coastal dry shrubland mixed community, sand dunes and lithified sand outcrops. W/ Chamaesyce celastroides var. stokesii, Scaevola taccada, Sida fallax, Sporobolus virginicus, Ipomoea imperati, Nama sandwicensis, Vitex rotundifolia, Waltheria indica, Boerhavia repens Preserved_Specimen Prostrate sub-shrub, leaves light green, corolla violet with yellow interior throat, common. Wood, K.R. 15847 Kauai BISH 2014-02-27
86 Nama sandwicensis Queen's Beach Sandy flats. Preserved_Specimen Small colony less than 10 individuals; all flowering; corolla lavender. Takeuchi, W.N. 78 Oahu BISH 1984-02-26
87 Nama sandwicensis Along edge of lagoon Preserved_Specimen Small herb 6 in. high. Wilder, G.P. 480 Laysan Island BISH 1930-08-10
88 Nama sandwicensis Sandy Beach In a large, open clearing among clumps of Scaevola. Associated with Sida fallax, Jacquemontia sandwicensis, and Waltheria americana. Substrate is compacted sand with interspersed small rocks. An uncommon species. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 24 Oahu BISH 1983-11-19
89 Nama sandwicensis Kahuku, near beach Preserved_Specimen Plants luxuriant after rainy season. Bishop, B. Oahu BISH 1963-06-02
90 Nama sandwicensis South Kohala Distr., lands of Waikoloa. On dry disturbed roadside near junction of Waikoloa Road and Kaahumanu Highway Preserved_Specimen Erect to somewhat decumbent herb with blue flowers. Herbst, D.R. 5376 Hawaii BISH 1975-06-23
91 Nama sandwicensis Near Anapuka On arid limestone. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8427 Molokai BISH 1928-04-28
92 Nama sandwicensis Laysan Preserved_Specimen Schauinsland, H.H. 1896 Laysan Island BISH 1896-01-01
93 Nama sandwicensis near lagoon Preserved_Specimen Ball, S.C. 287 Laysan Island BISH 1923-05-12
94 Nama sandwicensis Laysan Preserved_Specimen In clumps. Butler, G. Laysan Island BISH 1959-04-30
95 Nama sandwicensis Laysan Preserved_Specimen Schauinsland, H.H. 1896 Laysan Island BISH 1896-01-01
96 Nama sandwicensis Near Makapuu Point Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1410 Oahu BISH 1909-11-28
97 Nama sandwicensis Oahu Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 425 Oahu BISH 1851-01-01
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